Linux Interview Questions : PART 4
1.Commands used to install/list/remove modules from kernel
Answer:
Installing/adding a module:
insmod mod_name
modprobe mod_name
List installed modules : lsmod
Removing a module : modprobe -r mod_name
2.What vmstat shows ?
Answer :
vmstat (virtual memory statistics) is a computer system monitoring tool that collects
and displays summary information about operating system memory, processes, interrupts, paging and block I/O.
3. What is tmpfs File System
Answer:
tmpfs is a common name for a temporary file storage facility on many Unix-like operating systems.
It is intended to appear as a mounted file system, but stored in volatile memory instead of a persistent storage device.
A similar construction is a RAM disk, which appears as a virtual disk drive and hosts a disk file system.
Everything stored in tmpfs is temporary in the sense that no files will be created on the hard drive;
however, swap space is used as backing store in case of low memory situations. On reboot, everything in tmpfs will be lost.
The memory used by tmpfs grows and shrinks to accommodate the files it contains and can be swapped out to swap space.
4.How can we check disk/device status/failure/errors using smartctl utility?
Answer: Try following commands to check:
Enable/Disable SMART on device/disk : smartctl -s on /dev/sda
Check device SMART health : smartctl -H /dev/sda
Check device SMART capabilities : smartctl -c /dev/sda
Enable/Disable automatic offline testing on device : smartctl -o on/off /dev/sda
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values : smartctl -A /dev/sda
Show device log [TYPE : error, selftest, selective, directory,background,
scttemp[sts,hist]] : smartctl -l TYPE /dev/sda
Run test on device [TEST: offline short long conveyance select,M-N pending,N
afterselect,[on|off] scttempint,N[,p] : smartctl -t /dev/sda
5.Default Port numbers used by ssh,ftp,http,https,telnet,smtp,pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps
Answer: SSH 22
ftp 20/21
http 80
https 443,
SMTP/SMPTS 25/465
POP3/POP3S 110/995
IMAP/IMAPS 143/993
6.What is the command to check open ports at remote machine
Answer: nmap
7.How to setup never expired user password
Answer: chage -E never username
8.How can we change speed and duplex settings for network card?
Ans We can do this with below given 2 methods:
ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
ethtool -s eth0 speed 10 duplex half
OR
mii-tool -F 100baseTx-HD
mii-tool -F 10baseT-HD
9. Which file defines the attributes like UID, PASSWORD expiry, HOME Dir create or not while adding user ?
Answer: /etc/login.defs
10. What is the command for changing authentication of linux system? (Like LDAP/NIS/SMB/KERBOS)
Answer: authconfig
1.Commands used to install/list/remove modules from kernel
Answer:
Installing/adding a module:
insmod mod_name
modprobe mod_name
List installed modules : lsmod
Removing a module : modprobe -r mod_name
2.What vmstat shows ?
Answer :
vmstat (virtual memory statistics) is a computer system monitoring tool that collects
and displays summary information about operating system memory, processes, interrupts, paging and block I/O.
3. What is tmpfs File System
Answer:
tmpfs is a common name for a temporary file storage facility on many Unix-like operating systems.
It is intended to appear as a mounted file system, but stored in volatile memory instead of a persistent storage device.
A similar construction is a RAM disk, which appears as a virtual disk drive and hosts a disk file system.
Everything stored in tmpfs is temporary in the sense that no files will be created on the hard drive;
however, swap space is used as backing store in case of low memory situations. On reboot, everything in tmpfs will be lost.
The memory used by tmpfs grows and shrinks to accommodate the files it contains and can be swapped out to swap space.
4.How can we check disk/device status/failure/errors using smartctl utility?
Answer: Try following commands to check:
Enable/Disable SMART on device/disk : smartctl -s on /dev/sda
Check device SMART health : smartctl -H /dev/sda
Check device SMART capabilities : smartctl -c /dev/sda
Enable/Disable automatic offline testing on device : smartctl -o on/off /dev/sda
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values : smartctl -A /dev/sda
Show device log [TYPE : error, selftest, selective, directory,background,
scttemp[sts,hist]] : smartctl -l TYPE /dev/sda
Run test on device [TEST: offline short long conveyance select,M-N pending,N
afterselect,[on|off] scttempint,N[,p] : smartctl -t /dev/sda
5.Default Port numbers used by ssh,ftp,http,https,telnet,smtp,pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps
Answer: SSH 22
ftp 20/21
http 80
https 443,
SMTP/SMPTS 25/465
POP3/POP3S 110/995
IMAP/IMAPS 143/993
6.What is the command to check open ports at remote machine
Answer: nmap
7.How to setup never expired user password
Answer: chage -E never username
8.How can we change speed and duplex settings for network card?
Ans We can do this with below given 2 methods:
ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
ethtool -s eth0 speed 10 duplex half
OR
mii-tool -F 100baseTx-HD
mii-tool -F 10baseT-HD
9. Which file defines the attributes like UID, PASSWORD expiry, HOME Dir create or not while adding user ?
Answer: /etc/login.defs
10. What is the command for changing authentication of linux system? (Like LDAP/NIS/SMB/KERBOS)
Answer: authconfig
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